Archives: Glossary Terms

TSTI Admin No Comments June 17, 2026

Hall-effect thruster (HET)

An electrodynamic rocketA type of rocket that creates thrust by accelerating ions in an electric or a magnetic field. Their low mass flow rate means their thrust is low, but their high-exit velocity means they are very efficient (high specific impulse). More that uses a radial magnetic field to accelerateA fluid-dynamics concept that says as […]

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TSTI Admin No Comments June 17, 2026

hard vacuum

A volumeThe amount of air within a certain volume. Atmospheric density is higher at sea-level and decreases as you go up in altitude. More of space that has very few molecules of matter within it. Also known as a near vacuumA pure vacuum is a volume of space completely devoid of all material. When talking […]

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TSTI Admin No Comments June 17, 2026

heat pipes

ActiveThe part of a control system that actively changes its current state. For example, a rocket is a type of actuator that can move or rotate a spacecraft. More thermal-control devices that are tubes, closed at both ends, filled with a working fluid, such as ammonia. When one end is close to a heat source, […]

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TSTI Admin No Comments June 17, 2026

heating

A limitation of re-entry. Caused by frictionA limitation of re-entry. Caused by friction between the spacecraft and the atmosphere. More between the spacecraft and the airThe amount of air within a certain volume. Atmospheric density is higher at sea-level and decreases as you go up in altitude. More (atmosphereThe reference frame used to analyze a […]

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TSTI Admin No Comments June 20, 2024

heating

A limitation of re-entry. Caused by frictionA limitation of re-entry. Caused by friction between the spacecraft and the atmosphere. More between the spacecraft and the atmosphereThe reference frame used to analyze a space vehicle’s motion after leaving orbit until it lands. Its origin is at the vehicle’s center of mass at the beginning of re-entry. […]

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TSTI Admin No Comments April 6, 2026

heliocentric

SunWe use the angle of incidence, θ, to determine how much solar energy hits a solar panel. This angle lies between a line perpendicular to the cell and the Sun line. More centered. In 1543, Nicolaus Copernicus placed the Sun near the center of the solar system with Earth rotating on its axis once a […]

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TSTI Admin No Comments June 17, 2026

heliocentric

Sun centered. The center of the heliocentric-ecliptic coordinate systemAn inertial reference frame we use to analyze interplanetary problems. The center is the Sun’s center. The fundamental plane is the ecliptic plane, and the principal direction is the vernal equinox. More is the Sun’s center.

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TSTI Admin No Comments June 17, 2026

heliocentric-ecliptic coordinate system

An inertial reference frameThe reference frame used to analyze a space vehicle’s motion after leaving orbit until it lands. Its origin is at the vehicle’s center of mass at the beginning of re-entry. More we use to analyze interplanetary problems. The center is the Sun’s center. The fundamental planeOne of four pieces of information needed […]

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TSTI Admin No Comments June 17, 2026

Hohmann Transfer

The minimum-energy maneuver to get from one circular orbit to another in the same plane. It uses a velocity change to get from the original orbit into a transfer orbitIn order to get from one orbit to a second orbit, the spacecraft must first enter a transfer orbit. More and another one to get out […]

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TSTI Admin No Comments June 17, 2026

hybrid propulsion systems

Any combination of solid and liquid propellants and oxidizers that burn to produce thrust. Typically, a solid fuel burns with a liquid or gaseous oxidizerA type of chemical rocket that combines two liquid propellants (a fuel and an oxidizer) that burn under pressure in a combustion chamber to create a hot and pressurized exhaust that […]

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